Lesson 6: Exploration on analogy metaphor

Lesson 6: Exploration on analogy metaphor

Analogy is to use something to describe another thing. An analogy is comparison between two words according to the similarity of them. It is a mixed between metaphor and similes.

Metaphor
Metaphor is creating comparison between two different features/things that actually share one or more similarity. The subject is described as another one.

Example:"The streets were a furnace, the sun an executioner."(Cynthia Ozick, "Rosa")

Simile

A simile is use the term 'as' or 'like' to make a comparison between two different things.

Example:”The streets were a furnace, the sun an executioner."(Cynthia Ozick, "Rosa")

Type of analogy:

1) Logical analogies
Comparison between two things share similarity in the design, structure or function.
Example: Airplane and bird

2) Affective Analogies
Comparison between two things share similarity in the emotion or certain characteristic.
Example: Woman and flower; Soldier and zombie

Video example: fat gymnast from skoda advertisement

We know the relationship between the fat guy and the verhicle, even without explaination

Lesson 5 Juxtaposition

Lesson 5 Juxtaposition

Juxtaposition is an act of arrange two variables close together or side by side for emphasizing their similarities and differences. These two variables can be different ideas, action, characters, settings, phrases, or words. The purpose of juxtaposition is helps creating comparison, contrast, rhetorical effect, suspense, or character development.

There are two types of juxtaposition: literary and random juxtaposition.

1. Juxtaposition (literary) is the arrangement of two completely opposite ideas, characters, objects together or in similar narratives.
2. Random juxtaposition is putting two random objects in parallel.

Juxtaposition example, “City Lights” (1931) by Charlie Chaplin

Poor/ Wealth: After the “high-sounding” speech, the people uncloak the statue which originally represent peace and prosperity, and suddenly find out there was a poor vagabond (the protagonist) stay overnight under the cloak, the was ironic and created the effect of social criticism. It shows the extreme gap between the poverty and wealth.

Generous and friendly/ Selfish and unconcerned: The rich guy was generous and friendly to others……when he was drunk. In any time he conscious, he is a selfish and never care about others. This is another great juxtaposition example for creating ironic effect.

Arrogant/ Timid: The protagonist scolded the guy who accidently caused him fall into a hole. And then, the guy showed his whole body out of the hole, and he was actually a much taller guy than the protagonist, the protagonist made apology to the guy and quickly walked away. This example is used for creating a comedy feeling.

City Lights--part 1 links:

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=k5_JqX9EUZQ

Lesson 3 Method of creative thinking (Mind Map)

Lesson 3 Method of creative thinking (Mind Map)
Lesson 3 is about method of creative thinking, one of it is mind mapping.

Mind map has been discovered since the 3rd century and was improvised during the early 1960s by Allan M. Collins and M. Ross Quillian (Wikipedia). Mind map is a diagram and is a useful technique for brainstorming and enhance the way of problem solving.

In additional, mind map also helps you:

1) Take notes

2) Roughly summarize information

3) Gather information from different research sources

4) Decompose complicated subject into many small points

5) Show the overall structure of the subject

6) Create attraction to the creator and the viewer

7) Can be seen as a record of your early idea development

To make notes on a subject using a Mind Map, draw it in the following way

(taken from www.mindtool.com):

1) Write the title of the subject in the center of the page, and draw a circle around it.

2) As you come across major subdivisions or subheadings of the topic (or important facts that relate to the subject) draw lines out from this circle.

3) Label these lines with these subdivisions or subheadings.

4) As you "burrow" into the subject and uncover another level of information (further subheadings, or individual facts) belonging to the subheadings above, draw these as lines linked to the subheading lines.

5) Finally, for individual facts or ideas, draw lines out from the appropriate heading line and label them.

Logical mind map is directly related to stereotypes, every points or branch in this kind of diagram are directly linked to the main subject.

Usage of logical mind map:

1) Analyzed the subject

2) Described the subject by a lot of small details (points)

image source:http://www.tuitionplaza.com/studysmart/resources.asp

Different from logical mind map, the points of associated mind map seem like no connection with the subject. Random things can be put together after the main subject.
The usage of Associated Mind Map:
1) Generate random idea
2) The content can be very flexible to one subject

image source:http://www.markmcgregor.com/